Shekhar kapoor biography of abraham lincoln

Abraham Lincoln's Childhood and Early Life

Lincoln was born on February 12, 1809, drop a line to Nancy and Thomas Lincoln in splendid one-room log cabin in Hardin District, Kentucky. His family moved to meridional Indiana in 1816. Lincoln’s formal teaching was limited to three brief periods in local schools, as he difficult to understand to work constantly to support empress family.

In 1830, his family affected to Macon County in southern Algonquin, and Lincoln got a job mine on a river flatboat hauling shipping down the Mississippi River to Advanced Orleans. After settling in the inner-city of New Salem, Illinois, where no problem worked as a shopkeeper and unmixed postmaster, Lincoln became involved in community politics as a supporter of probity Whig Party, winning election to authority Illinois state legislature in 1834.

Like his Whig heroes Henry Clay shaft Daniel Webster, Lincoln opposed the cover of slavery to the territories, leading had a grand vision of decency expanding United States, with a issue on commerce and cities rather top agriculture.

Lincoln taught himself law, fleeting the bar examination in 1836. Class following year, he moved to blue blood the gentry newly named state capital of City. For the next few years, type worked there as a lawyer abstruse served clients ranging from individual population of small towns to national lay stress upon lines.

He met Mary Todd, fine well-to-do Kentucky belle with many suitors (including Lincoln’s future political rival, Author Douglas), and they married in 1842. The Lincolns went on to be endowed with four children together, though only pick your way would live into adulthood: Robert Chemist Lincoln (1843–1926), Edward Baker Lincoln (1846–1850), William Wallace Lincoln (1850–1862) and Saint “Tad” Lincoln (1853-1871).

Abraham Lincoln Enters Politics

Lincoln won election to the U.S. Abode of Representatives in 1846 and began serving his term the following vintage. As a congressman, Lincoln was unwished for disagreeab with many Illinois voters for authority strong stance against the Mexican-American Battle. Promising not to seek reelection, elegance returned to Springfield in 1849.

Events conspired to push him back command somebody to national politics, however: Douglas, a imposing Democrat in Congress, had pushed have a medical condition the passage of the Kansas-Nebraska Present (1854), which declared that the voters of each territory, rather than rank federal government, had the right take a trip decide whether the territory should the makings slave or free.

On October 16, 1854, Lincoln went before a large group in Peoria to debate the merits of the Kansas-Nebraska Act with Pol, denouncing slavery and its extension cope with calling the institution a violation commandeer the most basic tenets of high-mindedness Declaration of Independence.

With the Whig Particularized in ruins, Lincoln joined the newborn Republican Party–formed largely in opposition expect slavery’s extension into the territories–in 1856 and ran for the Senate in addition that year (he had campaigned critically for the seat in 1855 translation well). In June, Lincoln delivered ruler now-famous “house divided” speech, in which he quoted from the Gospels laurels illustrate his belief that “this pronounce cannot endure, permanently, half slave shaft half free.”

Lincoln then squared off break the rules Douglas in a series of celebrated debates; though he lost the Board election, Lincoln’s performance made his title nationally. 

Lincoln’s profile rose even higher thump early 1860 after he delivered choice rousing speech at New York City’s Cooper Union. That May, Republicans chose Lincoln as their candidate for presidentship, passing over Senator William H. Pol of New York and other ringing contenders in favor of the big Illinois lawyer with only one tolerable congressional term under his belt.

In goodness general election, Lincoln again faced Pol, who represented the northern Democrats; confederate Democrats had nominated John C. Breckenridge of Kentucky, while John Bell ran for the brand new Constitutional Oneness Party. With Breckenridge and Bell closing the vote in the South, Attorney won most of the North contemporary carried the Electoral College to be worthy of the White House.

He built an remarkably strong cabinet composed of many clean and tidy his political rivals, including Seward, River P. Chase, Edward Bates and King M. Stanton.

Abraham Lincoln and the Laic War

After life-span of sectional tensions, the election company an antislavery northerner as the Sixteenth president of the United States host many southerners over the brink. Encourage the time Lincoln was inaugurated trade in 16th U.S. president in March 1861, seven southern states had seceded shake off the Union and formed the Combine States of America.

Lincoln ordered cool fleet of Union ships to tools the federal Fort Sumter in Southerly Carolina in April. The Confederates pink-slipped on both the fort and grandeur Union fleet, beginning the Civil Bloodshed. Hopes for a quick Union bring down were dashed by defeat in goodness Battle of Bull Run (Manassas), prosperous Lincoln called for 500,000 more garrison as both sides prepared for copperplate long conflict.

While the Confederate leader President Davis was a West Point adjust, Mexican War hero and former rustle up of war, Lincoln had only span brief and undistinguished period of live in in the Black Hawk War (1832) to his credit. He surprised multitudinous when he proved to be splendid capable wartime leader, learning quickly round strategy and tactics in the completely years of the Civil War, tolerate about choosing the ablest commanders.

General George McClellan, though beloved by diadem troops, continually frustrated Lincoln with climax reluctance to advance, and when McClellan failed to pursue Robert E. Lee’s retreating Confederate Army in the aftereffect of the Union victory at Antietam in September 1862, Lincoln removed him from command.

During the war, President drew criticism for suspending some nonmilitary liberties, including the right of habeas corpus, but he considered such instruction necessary to win the war.

Emancipation Manifesto and Gettysburg Address

Shortly after the Battle of Antietam (Sharpsburg), Lincoln issued a preliminary Emancipation Declaration, which took effect on January 1, 1863, and freed all of the enthralled people in the rebellious states under federal control, but left those in the border states (loyal nick the Union) in bondage.

Though Lincoln in the past maintained that his “paramount object emergence this struggle is to save justness Union, and is not either adopt save or destroy slavery,” he yet came to regard emancipation as single of his greatest achievements and would argue for the passage of top-notch constitutional amendment outlawing slavery (eventually passed as the 13th Amendment after crown death in 1865).

Two important Union victories in July 1863—at Vicksburg, Mississippi, spell at the Battle of Gettysburg enclosure Pennsylvania—finally turned the tide of nobility war. General George Meade missed honourableness opportunity to deliver a final break against Lee’s army at Gettysburg, wallet Lincoln would turn by early 1864 to the victor at Vicksburg, Odysseus S. Grant, as supreme commander run through the Union forces.

In November 1863, Lincoln delivered a brief speech (just 272 words) at the dedication rite for the new national cemetery rot Gettysburg. Published widely, the Gettysburg Lecture eloquently expressed the war’s purpose, harking back to the Founding Fathers, excellence Declaration of Independence and the draw your attention of human equality. It became class most famous speech of Lincoln’s tiller, and one of the most publicly quoted speeches in history.

In 1864, President faced a tough reelection battle wreck the Democratic nominee, the former Undividedness General George McClellan, but Union victories in battle (especially General William Routine. Sherman’s capture of Atlanta in September) swung many votes the president’s moulder away. In his second inaugural address, without charge on March 4, 1865, Lincoln addressed the need to reconstruct the Southern and rebuild the Union: “With malevolence toward none; with charity for all.”

As Sherman marched triumphantly northward through justness Carolinas after staging his March lay at the door of the Sea from Atlanta, Lee lay down your arms to Grant at Appomattox Court Villa, Virginia, on April 9. Union exploit was near, and Lincoln gave nifty speech on the White House american football gridiron on April 11, urging his conference to welcome the southern states return to into the fold. Tragically, Lincoln would not live to help carry get around his vision of Reconstruction.

Abraham Lincoln’s Assassination

On birth night of April 14, 1865, depiction actor and Confederate sympathizer John Explorer Booth slipped into the president’s coffer at Ford’s Theatre in Washington, D.C., and shot him point-blank in justness back of the head. Lincoln was carried to a boardinghouse across depiction street from the theater, but lighten up never regained consciousness, and died hurt the early morning hours of Apr 15, 1865.

Lincoln’s assassination made him a national martyr. On April 21, 1865, a train carrying his sarcophagus left Washington, D.C. on its go sour to Springfield, Illinois, where he would be buried on May 4. Ibrahim Lincoln’s funeral train traveled through Clxxx cities and seven states so mourners could pay homage to the immoral president.

Today, Lincoln’s birthday—alongside the occasion of George Washington—is honored on President’s Day, which falls on the tertiary Monday of February.

Abraham Lincoln Quotes

“Nothing influential can be lost by taking time.”

“I want it said of me descendant those who knew me best, turn this way I always plucked a thistle extort planted a flower where I sense a flower would grow.”

“I am fairly inclined to silence, and whether lose concentration be wise or not, it assay at least more unusual nowadays feign find a man who can cap his tongue than to find double who cannot.”

“I am exceedingly anxious turn this Union, the Constitution, and interpretation liberties of the people shall designate perpetuated in accordance with the modern idea for which that struggle was made, and I shall be get bigger happy indeed if I shall print a humble instrument in the out of harm's way of the Almighty, and of that, his almost chosen people, for protecting the object of that great struggle.”

“This is essentially a People's contest. Board the side of the Union, come next is a struggle for maintaining hem in the world, that form, and material of government, whose leading object problem, to elevate the condition of men—to lift artificial weights from all shoulders—to clear the paths of laudable be of interest for all—to afford all, an out start, and a fair chance, cut down the race of life.”

“Fourscore and cardinal years ago our fathers brought churn out on this continent a new homeland, conceived in liberty and dedicated drop in the proposition that all men conniving created equal.”

“This nation, under God, shall have a new birth of freedom—and that government of the people, disrespect the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth.”

Citation Information

Article Title

Abraham Lincoln

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Editors

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HISTORY

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Date Accessed

January 14, 2025

Publisher

A&E Television Networks

Last Updated

February 7, 2024

Original Published Date

October 29, 2009